MRI utilizes nuclear magnetic resonance to align hydrogen nuclei in the body with a strong magnetic field and measures the radiofrequency signals emitted when these nuclei relax.
An MRI machine includes a large magnet, gradient coils for spatial localization, and radiofrequency coils for signal transmission and reception.
MRI provides excellent soft tissue contrast, allowing differentiation between tissues based on water content and molecular environment, aided by various MRI sequences and contrast agents.
MRI is used for diagnosing neurological disorders, assessing brain anatomy and function, pre-surgical planning, and monitoring disease progression.
MRI is safe, non-invasive, and does not involve ionizing radiation, but precautions are taken regarding ferromagnetic objects and implanted devices.